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SYLLABUS

Mechanics of Fluids

Course No.

Course Name

L-T-P-Credits

Year of Introduction

ME203

MECHANICS OF FLUIDS

3-1-0-4

2016

Prerequisite: nil

Course Objectives:

1.     To study the mechanics of fluid motion.

2.     To  establish  fundamental  knowledge  of   basic  fluid  mechanics  and address specific topics relevant to simple applications involving fluids

3.     To familiarize students with the relevance of fluid dynamics to many engineering systems

Syllabus

Fluid Properties, Kinematics of fluid flow, Fluid Statics, Dynamics of fluid flow, Flow through pipes, Concept of Boundary Layer, Dimensional Analysis and Hydraulic similitude

Expected outcome: At the end of the course students will be able to

1.     Calculate pressure variations in accelerating fluids using Euler’s and Bernoulli’s equations

2.     Become conversant with the concepts of flow measurements and flow through pipes

3.     Apply the momentum and energy equations to fluid flow problems.

4.     Evaluate head loss in pipes and conduits.

5.     Use dimensional analysis to design physical or numerical experiments and to apply dynamic similarity

Text Books:

1.     Balachandran.P, Engineering Fluid Mechanics, PHI,2012

2.     A S Saleem, Fluid Mechanics, Fathima Books,2016 References Books:

1.     Cengel, Fluid Mechanics, McGraw Hill Education India 2014

2.     Bansal R. K., A Textbook of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, Laxmi Publications, 2005

3.     Modi P. N. and S. M. Seth, Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics, S.B.H Publishers, New Delhi, 2002

 

4.     Streeter V. L., E. B. Wylie and K. W. Bedford, Fluid Mechanics, Tata McGraw Hill, Delhi, 2010.

5.     Joseph Karz, Introductory Fluid Mechanics, Cambridge University press,2010

6.     Fox R. W. and A. T. McDonald, Introduction to Fluid dynamics, 5/e, John Wiley and Sons, 2009.

7.     Shames I. H, Mechanics of Fluids, McGraw Hill, 1992.

8.     White F.M., Fluid Mechanics, 6/e, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008

 

Course Plan

 

Module

 

Contents

 

Hours

Sem.

Exam Marks

 

 

I

Introduction: Fluids and continuum, Physical properties of fluids, density,

specific weight, vapour pressure, Newton’s law of viscosity. Ideal and real fluids, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.

Fluid Statics- Pressure-density-height relationship, manometers, pressure on plane and curved surfaces, center of pressure, buoyancy, stability of immersed and floating bodies, fluid masses subjected to uniform accelerations, measurement of pressure.

 

 

8

 

 

15%

 

 

II

Kinematics of fluid flow: Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches, classification of fluid flow, 1-D, 2-D and 3-D flow, steady, unsteady, uniform, non-uniform, laminar, turbulent, rotational, irrotational flows, stream lines, path lines, streak lines, stream tubes, velocity and acceleration in fluid, circulation and vorticity, stream function and potential function, Laplace equation, equipotential lines flow nets, uses

and limitations,

 

 

8

 

 

15%

FIRST INTERNAL EXAM

 

 

 

III

Dynamics of Fluid flow: Fluid Dynamics: Energies in flowing fluid, head, pressure, dynamic, static and total head, Control volume analysis  of mass, momentum and energy, Equations of fluid dynamics: Differential equations of mass, energy and momentum (Euler’s  equation), Navier-Stokes equations (without proof) in rectangular and cylindrical co-ordinates, Bernoulli’s equation and its applications: Venturi and Orifice meters, Notches and Weirs (description only for notches and weirs). Hydraulic coefficients, Velocity measurements:

Pitot tube and Pitot-static tube.

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

15%

 

 

 

IV

Pipe Flow: Viscous flow: Reynolds experiment to classify laminar and turbulent flows, significance of Reynolds number, critical Reynolds number, shear stress and velocity distribution in a pipe, law of fluid friction, head loss due to friction, Hagen Poiseuille equation. Turbulent flow: Darcy- Weisbach equation, Chezy’s equation Moody’s chart,  Major and minor energy losses, hydraulic gradient and total energy line, flow through long pipes, pipes in series, pipes in parallel,  equivalent pipe, siphon, transmission of power through pipes, efficiency of transmission, Water hammer, Cavitation.

 

 

 

12

 

 

 

15%

SECOND INTERNAL EXAM

 

 

V

Concept of Boundary Layer : Growth of boundary layer over a flat plate and definition of boundary layer thickness, displacement thickness, momentum thickness and energy thickness, laminar and turbulent boundary layers, laminar sub layer, velocity profile, Von- Karman momentum integral equations for the boundary layers, calculation  of  drag, separation of boundary and methods of control.

 

 

10

 

 

20%

 

 

 

VI

Dimensional Analysis and Hydraulic similitude: Dimensional analysis, Buckingham’s theorem, important dimensional numbers and their significance, geometric, Kinematic and dynamic similarity,  model  studies. Froude, Reynold, Weber, Cauchy and Mach laws- Applications and limitations of model testing, simple problems only

 

 

8

 

 

20%

END SEMESTER EXAM

 

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